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Holy basil or regular fresh basil leaves. Thai basil will also work, more on substituting holy basil below. Verghese, A.; Sreedevi, K.; Nagaraju, D.; Mala, B. A farmer-friendly trap for the management of the fruit fly Bactrocera spp. (Tephritidae: Diptera). Pest Manag. Hortic. Ecosyst. 2006, 12, 164–167. [ Google Scholar] Stir-fry the garlic and chilies: Heat the canola oil in a large wok over high heat. Once hot, add the smashed garlic chili paste and the thinly sliced large red chili. Stir-fry for 30-40 seconds. (Note: It can become quite smoky and pungent so open a window or turn on the exhaust fan!) Next, add the onion and stir-fry for 1-2 minutes or until slightly softened. Its anti-inflammatory action may reduce irritation, redness, and swelling, soothing flare-ups and itchiness. Still, more research is needed to confirm. Hair loss or thinning
Also the metric world does not measure granulated sugar, let alone chopped up chilies as volume. It has invented scales for this purpose. Why would I want to transfer chili bits to a measuring cup, then try frantically to discern the level they reach, knowing fully well that if I give the measuring cup a little shake the level will be different. Christenson, L. The Male Annihilation Technique in the Control of Fruit Flies; ACS Publications: Washington, DC, USA, 1963. [ Google Scholar] Compared to Thai basil, holy basil has a fragrance that is less floral and more peppery; which is why it’s paired with very spicy dishes like pad kra pao or jungle curry.The aroma is always hard to describe, but trust me when I say the two smell quite different. Thai basil Chen, H.Y.; Chen, L.S.; Shen, Z.C.; Zhou, H.J.; Hao, L.; Xu, H.; Zhou, X.H. Synthesis of mesoporous silica post-loaded by methyl eugenol as an environment-friendly slow-release bio pesticide. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 1–12. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed][ Green Version]
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It’s one of my all-time and beyond favorite Thai dishes, and it’s downright delicious over a bed of warm steamed white rice! 😋 You’ve probably seen it listed on Thai restaurant menus as Pad Kra Pow Gai, Pad Gaprow Gai or Pad Gaprao Gai, and possibly even tried it. A number of studies have investigated Holy Basil’s ability to reduce infections due to bacteria. Much of this antibacterial character of Holy Basil is due to eugenol. Eugenol has undergone study in other venues as a proven antimicrobial substance. For example, a 2015 study from Brazil’s University Federal de Alfenas found that eugenol was antimicrobial against Salmonella typhimurium and Micrococcus luteus – both infective bacteria. One might be tempted to compare Tulsi to Culinary Basil – Ocimum basilicum. Holy Basil, however, is quite different. A 2014 DNA sequencing study was conducted at the CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants genetically compared the two species. The research found significant genetic differences between the two species. While they may share a few of their constituents, their genetic sequences have significant differences.
Once you have mastered single-herb pastes, you may want to try combining more than one herb for more complex flavors. Blend together two, three, or even four herbs from the list above to create unique pastes: Mahajan, N.; Rawal, S.; Verma, M.; Poddar, M.; Alok, S. A phytopharmacological overview on Ocimum species with special emphasis on Ocimum sanctum. Biomed. Prev. Nutr. 2013, 3, 185–192. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]The correct placement of the R is in the last syllable, so ka-prao and ga-prao are variations of the correct pronunciation. But because many more Thai words start with kra- than ka-, it's common for Thai people to say kra- pao instead out of habit.
The leaves of holy basil contain 0.7% volatile oil comprising about 71% eugenol and 20% methyl eugenol. The oil also contains carvacrol and sesquiterpine hydrocarbon caryophyllene. Fresh leaves and stem of holy basil extract yielded some phenolic compounds [antioxidants] such as cirsilineol, circimaritin, isothymusin, apigenin and rosameric acid, and appreciable quantities of eugenol. Two flavonoids, viz., orientin and vicenin from aqueous leaf extract of holy basil have been isolated. Ursolic acid, apigenin, luteolin, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, luteolin-7-O glucuronide, orientin and molludistin have also been isolated from the leaf extract. Holy basil also contains a number of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes viz., bornyl acetate, β -elemene, neral, camphene, campesterol, cholesterol and stigmasterol ( 2). Prik nam pla is the classic condiment that is served with many Thai dishes, and is used as a tableside seasoning booster. Pad kra pao is usually served with it because the fried egg can always use some extra seasoning.
Pad Kra Pao Recipe Instructions
Oil for frying eggs, I use canola oil for frying as it's cheaper than avocado oil, but anything neutral and high heat resistant is fine.
Khalid, K.A. Influence of water stress on growth, essential oil, and chemical composition of herbs ( Ocimum sp.). Int. Agrophysics 2006, 20, 289–296. [ Google Scholar] This popular Thai dish has many English spellings: Pad Kra Pao, Pad Ka Prao, Pad Ka Pow, Pad Krapow...etc. "Pad gaprao" is the phonetically closest spelling, but it seems to be the least popular way because most Thai people mispronounce it to begin with! Chilli Pastes are traditional herbal pastes that are used to give dishes a hot and spicy taste. Chilli Paste and Holy Basil Leaves is made from Thai red chilli peppers, basil leaves of holy basil, soy oil, and spicy garlic. Holy basil originally comes from India and has a pungent flavour that is similar to cloves. The chilli paste is traditionally used for pad kra pao, a Thai dish with minced meat. Chilli Paste & Holy Basil Leaves is also very delicious as a dip for seafood and meat and great for enriching sauces and seasoning wok dishes.
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The antioxidant activity of holy basil has been reported by many workers and holy basil renders protection from radiation poisoning and can repair cells damaged by exposure to radiation ( 4). The fixed oil has demonstrated anti-hyperlipidemic and cardioprotective effects in rats fed a high fat diet ( 5). A double-blind trial conducted by Mondal S et al. [2011] ( 6) suggested that an alcoholic extract of holy basil modulates immunity, thus promoting immune system function. The essential oil of holy basil significantly possessed antiulcer activity due to its lipoxygenase inhibitory, histamine antagonistic and antisecretory effects ( 7). Bhandari, B.R.; D’Arc, B.R.; Padukka, I. Encapsulation of lemon oil by paste method using β-cyclodextrin: Encapsulation efficiency and profile of oil volatiles. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1999, 47, 5194–5197. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] When I started cooking with it, I finally knew why people had such strong feelings about using it in this Pork Pad Kra Pao stir fry dish. It has a very particular flavor. It’s almost licorice-like, or perhaps fennel-like. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. References
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